Quiz on Philosophy and Reasoning - 859 Words

1. Define the term reason. Reason refers to a faculty of mind that allows human beings to make conscious decisions based on known evidence. It often entails the use of logic, detailed analyses, and critical thought. A reason in the sense of a validation for an argument refers to something different. Usually the reasons used to support an argument consist of personal beliefs, opinions, anecdotes, fears, financial motivations, or actual facts, data, and statistics. 2. What are the ways you should look for the reasons used to support an argument? Panning for gold is the way the authors claim readers can look for the reasons being used to support an argument. This involves asking critical questions, seeking underlying meanings, and motives for why the person writes. For example, readers should ask why the writer is trying to persuade to discover the hidden motives. The person should evaluate the argument for textual or factual evidence. The person should form his or her own conclusions and those might offer clues to the reasons the author used. The reasons used to support an argument may be explicit or implicit. Explicit reasons will be stated in ways like, I believe abortion is right because ¦ whereas implicit reasons will not be stated in a direct manner. A person must read between the lines to discover a persons biases and prejudices, which will be used as reasons to support an argument even if those reasons are invalid. 3. What do we call the specificShow MoreRelatedOpen-Book Philosophy Quiz Essay631 Words   |  3 PagesAssociate Level Material Open-Book Philosophy Quiz After reading this week’s required readings, take this open-book philosophy quiz. Answer the following questions in paragraph form. This is a short-answer worksheet, not an essay composition. 1. What is philosophy? 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These educators understood that only certain experiences promote growth and learning. †¦ Colorado Rocky Mountain School s mission, goals, and values share the original principles of those two educators, and our educational philosophy remains fundamentally unchanged †¦Ã¢â‚¬  (crms.org/about/mission-vision-values/) As weRead MoreStatement Of Teaching Philosophy : My Lifelong Passion For Maths Essay1384 Words   |  6 PagesStatement of Teaching Philosophy My lifelong passion for Maths and my desire to share it with others have enhanced my admiration of the subject and reinforced my aspiration to become a teacher. During my 12 years of teaching experience, I was trying to best exemplify the three important points: (i) love of teaching, (ii) love of mathematics, and (iii) concern for the student. 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The Powerful Voice of Kurtz in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness...

The Powerful Voice of Kurtz in Conrad’s Heart of Darkness Many times, words by themselves do not convey an idea wholly or conceal it altogether. Instead, the voice carrying the words conveys the idea, lending shape and new meaning to the familiar syllables. Words resonate with prescribed meanings, whereas voice creates its own meaning and identity. In Conrad’s Heart of Darkness, voice comprises the primitive component of language, with words existing only as a secondary function of voice. Glimpsing a â€Å"primitive truth,† Kurtz’s voice and soul unite so that his knowledge speaks through his voice, rather than through his words. Alternately draining words of their meaning and filling them with new meaning, Kurtz’s voice contains the†¦show more content†¦The accountant then trails off and begins to write again. Still governed by familiar language and voiceless words on paper, the accountant is unable to accurately describe Kurtz. Later, at Central Station, in the conversation between the nephew and uncle , Kurtz is again referred to, but not by name: â€Å"His name, you understand, had not been pronounced once. He was ‘that man’† (57). Although still inadequate, the phrase, â€Å"that man,† describes Kurtz much better than the accountant’s â€Å"Mister.† There is contempt and scorn that underlie these words, as if Kurtz himself has inspired them. At this point in the narrative, Marlow addresses his listeners: â€Å"He was just a word for me. I did not see the man in the name any more than you do. Do you see him? Do you see the story? Do you see anything?† (50) But Marlow appeals to the wrong sense. He should be asking, â€Å"Do you hear him?† Kurtz’s voice finally becomes audible during the arrow attack on the boat. Among the wails and howls, Marlow realizes the authenticity and strength of Kurtz’s voice beneath the words: I made the strange discovery that I had never imagined him as doing, but as discoursing. I didn’t say to myself, â€Å"now I will never see him,† or â€Å"now I will never shake him by the hand,† but, â€Å"Now I will never hear him.† The man presented himself as a voice. (79) Marlow imagines Kurtz singularly as a voice, devoid of actions. Yet, it is not that Marlow has not heard of Kurtz’s action. Marlow says,Show MoreRelatedSymbolism Of The River In Joseph Conrads Heart Of Darkness1091 Words   |  5 PagesCharles Marlow in the novella Heart of Darkness written by Joseph Conrad. Heart of Darkness is read from the narration of Marlow, an ivory transporter who travels down the Congo. Throughout his journey, Marlow develops an intense interest in the famous ivory trader Kurtz, who is portrayed as a powerful, sage, and evil man. The story is based on Marlows experiences with the encounters hes faced with and his ability to be fickle based in these encounterments. 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Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness is mostRead MoreAnalysis Of Joseph Conrad s The Two Lives Of The English Language And Human Thought Alike Essay1788 Words   |  8 PagesJoseph Conrad is a master of the English language and human thought alike, his written work serving as living evidence of how well Conrad’s mind allowed him to construct such powerful imagery and word play from a language that he had not fully grasped himself until he was an older man. Originating in Polish Ukraine, Conrad was born in 1857 as a young man who dreamed much furth er than those living in his society, to leave his village to become a sailor and see all parts of the world. His family wasRead MoreEssay about Feminist Imagery in Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness1220 Words   |  5 PagesConrads Heart of Darkness Many feminist critics have used Joseph Conrads Heart of Darkness to show how Marolw constructs parallels and personification between women and the inanimate jungle that he speaks of. 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Few realize, though, that Lord Jim was actually started before Heart of DarknessRead MoreTheme Of Imperialism In Heart Of Darkness1052 Words   |  5 Pagesthat economic power is the fuel behind all peoples motives. He also states that socioeconomic statuses in our society is what divides us into subgroups. This imperialistic way of thinking is is beneath the surface all throughout Joseph Conrad’s book, Heart of Darkness. The book is centered around a sailor named Marlow, who is sailing up the Congo river to transport ivory. Conrad shows the readers the exploitation of the natives by the Europe ans for their ivory through the eyes of Marlow. The novelRead More Horror of Horrors Essay1081 Words   |  5 PagesConrads Heart of Darkness and Coleridges Rime of the Ancient Mariner each portray a globe-trotting journey that takes a turn for the metaphysical. Often grotesque, but always eye-opening, the imagery and abstraction present in these works serves to emphasize their spiritual nature. 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Marketing Research of Emaar Properties and Comparing and Environment

Question: Discuss about the Analysis of the Emaar Properties and Comparing. Answer: Introduction The market analysis of an organization shows the strengths and weakness. The analysis shows the demand for the products and services in the market. The external environment imposes a significant impact on the organization such as social, economic, political, legal and technological factors. The companies have to enhance their quality as well as establish a relationship with the stakeholders. The report focuses on the analysis of the Emaar properties and comparing with its competitor. The Emaar Properties are one of the most admired and valuable real estate development organizations in the world (Du Plessis, Strydom, Jooste, 2012). The company has established its brand name and built many shopping malls, hospitality and retail and properties. The company focuses on build quality, time delivery, and design excellence. Analysis of the external environment of Emaar The analysis regarding the in depth based on the companies that represent the companies external environment and the dimensions can be appropriately measured. The construction of the factors is depicted to be enhancing the structure for the organization and also the enhancement of the decisions for the purpose of enhancing the factors (Ansoff, 2014). The structure enhances the following factors that enable the structuring of the in-depth analysis, and the management decisions can be appropriately constructed for the Emaar and the Damac are provided in the following points:- Customers: The customers are represented to be creating the competition in the market, and the construction of the work can be easily enhanced by structuring the benefits to the company Damac and Emaar. The real estate business carried out by the two companies is differing from the range of the customers that creates the competition between both the companies. Competitors: The competitor is indicated to be each other and thereby the enhancement of the structure which is being expanded by constructing the structural differentiation and the facilities. These show the characteristics and the competitors that are depicted to be each other. The Emaar and the Damac are the main competitors of each other and also indicated to be the strongest competitor of each other (Burrow, Bosiljevac, 2012). Suppliers: The suppliers of the raw materials are illustrated to be the strongest competitor of the world and also they are involved with each other that enable the establishment of nature, and the characteristics of the supplier are totally dependent for the purpose of structuring the work. The structure of the suppliers is dependent on ordering the needs of the customers. Any other stakeholders: The other stakeholders constitutes of the developers that are identified for the development of the structure which includes the enhancement of the structure for the development of properties. Therefore the structure clearly explains the enhancement of the properties that are varied by the companies Emaar and Damac. Factors influencing the management decisions The factors that are influencing the political environment clearly described by the help of the following factors which are as follows:- Economic conditions: The economic conditions clearly show the current position of the company Damac and the Emaar. The influence of these conditions is depicting the impact more. By considering the present condition of the Emaar, the economic stability is being depicted with having an appropriately competitive environment in the market. The Damac does not consist of the economic stability as per the current analysis is being made, and thereby the company is depicted to be lagging the competitive environment (Kotabe, Helsen, 2011). Political and the legal conditions: The political and the legal conditions shows the raising of the new rules and the regulations formed by the government. As per the new rules of the Dubai government are formed, it seems to be creating a detrimental impact on the market of the real estates and thereby the market is depicted to be consisting of the downward growth of the real estate business. The Damac is being impacted the more rather than the Emaar since the new rules and the regulations were not properly implemented. Socio-cultural: The social-cultural activities must be conducted for the purpose of advertisement and the attracting the customers towards the services provided by the companies Emaar and the Damac. The Emaar is depicted to be conducting the socio-cultural activities for the purpose of creating demand for the services in the market whereas the Damac is lacking the socio-cultural activities (Kotler, Keller, 2016). Global: The Global development is being appropriately carried out the Emaar, and the Damac is also carrying out the global business environment, but it is creating a downfall in the global market. Technological conditions: The advanced technologies are depicted to be used by the companies Damac and the Emaar, but the implementation of the latest technologies for Damac is not providing profit to the business carried out Damac. Since the most crucial reason is the lack of the advertisement and the social activities, therefore the Damac is lagging in the both local and global markets of the business environment of real estates. Dimensions of organizational culture The culture of the organizations should be managed, and all employees should be treated equally. The managers and team leaders are responsible for fulfilling the needs of the employees and providing them adequate support. Emaar Properties Stakeholder value oriented The company has focused on establishing a relationship with its stakeholders. The stakeholders include customers, shareholders, and employees (Kotler, Keller, Manceau, Hemonnet-Goujot, 2015). Social responsibility The company carries out its activities by keeping in view the interests of the community. The company follows ethical rules and regulations. Transparent governance The company has maintained openness and accountability which is a significant part of the culture of the company. The company believes on fair dealings with their clients. Team spirit The managers motivate their team members towards their goals and work together. The managers encourage the sense of teamwork and set targets for them (Lamb, Hair, McDaniel, 2004). Open communication The company allows effective flow of communication between the team members. The flow of communication enables the team members to understand the tasks appropriately. Problem solving The managers understand the issues of the employees and take steps to fulfill their needs. The employees feel motivated to accomplish their tasks. Supportive environment The employees are encouraged and supported to overcome difficult situations. More employees are retained with the help of supportive environment (Sarangi, 2009). Damac Stakeholder value oriented The company gives importance to the stakeholders and carries out jobs in the benefit of them. The company also focuses on generating maximum returns for their stakeholders. However, the company is facing difficulties in managing all its stakeholders. Social responsibility The company participates voluntarily in better activities which are in favor of the community. The protection of the environment is also important which is also focused on the management (Sen, 2008). Team spirit The involvement of team members in each and every tasks has enabled the company to accomplish all their jobs. Team work increases efficiency and productivity of the organization. However, the team members require adequate training to accomplish their goals in an appropriate way. Customer service The company has improved their service quality that is provided to the customers. The employees are provided with adequate training to provide quality service to the customers. Open communication The company has encouraged free flow communication within the departments. The culture of the company is based open communication that enhances productivity and loyalty. However, there is a lack of communication flow in some of the departments due to the absence of adequate strategies (Sennewald, Baillie, 2012). Problem solving The cultural values are promoted that all the issues should be solved, and the employees feel empowered to solve all the difficulties actively. However, the company is facing difficulties to enhance their profitability which requires adequate strategies. Supportive environment The employees get all the support from their team leaders which are very much for the accomplishment of the tasks on time. The employees feel comfortable while working within the organization (Williams, 2009). Compare and contrast the organizational culture of the two companies The comparison will show the strengths and weakness of the companies in the given organizational cultural dimensions. Organizational culture Emaar Properties Damac Stakeholder value oriented High Low Social responsibility High High Customer service High High Open communication High Low Problem solving High Low Supportive environment High High Team spirit High Low Conclusion The overall market analysis is being provided for the Damac and Emaar Properties are explained in an appropriate way that enables the expansion of the business. The main aim is to determine the current organizational culture of the two companies Damac and the Emaar Properties and the various dimensions with the external factors of the business environment. Therefore it enables the enhancement of the structure that enables the appropriate establishment of the market on the various conditions of the market (Winer, Dhar, 2014). The judgment is being appropriately provided by differentiating the environment of the Damac and Emaar. Therefore the structure clearly shows the appropriate market analysis of the Damac and the Emaar with explaining the seven dimensions of the organizational culture. References Ansoff, H. (2014).Strategic management. [Place of publication not identified]: Palgrave Macmillan. Burrow, J., Bosiljevac, J. (2012).Marketing. Mason, Ohio: South-Western Cengage Learning. Du Plessis, P., Strydom, J., Jooste, C. (2012).Marketing management. Cape Town: Juta. Kotabe, M., Helsen, K. (2011).Global marketing management. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Kotler, P., Keller, K. (2016).Marketing management. Boston [etc.]: Pearson. Kotler, P., Keller, K., Manceau, D., Hemonnet-Goujot, A. (2015).Marketing management. Montreuil: Pearson France. Lamb, C., Hair, J., McDaniel, C. (2004).Marketing. Mason, OH: Thomson Learning. Sarangi, S. (2009).Marketing management. New Delhi: Asian Books. Sen, M. (2008).Business management. Jaipur, India: Oxford Book Co. Sennewald, C., Baillie, C (2012).Effective security management. Mason, OH: Thomson Learning. Williams, K. (2009).Strategic management. New York, N.Y: DK Pub. Winer, R., Dhar, R. (2014).Marketing management. Harlow, Essex: Prentice Hall.

Japan And Thailand Essays - Japanese Archipelago,

Japan And Thailand Thailand and Japan are two countries situated in the Australian, Asian and Pacific (A.A.P) region. There are many similarities and differences in their physical and human geographies. Japan is an archipelago of 3900 mountainous islands with a total land size of 377 835km2. Located in East Asia along the 'Pacific Ring of Fire' Japan ranges from North 50 30I to 210 and East 970 3I to 1030 3I. In contrast, Thailand is a larger country with a total landmass of 511 770km2. It is located in South East Asia on the Indo-China and Malayan peninsula. Thailand's landmass ranges from 70 5I to 200 5I North and 970 to 105o 41 East. Thailand has a tropical climate that experiences monsoonal influences, whereas Japan has a diverse climate, ranging from sub-tropical in the south to alpine conditions on the elevated peaks. Japan has an aging population, which is twice the size of Thailand's. 90% of Japan's 126 million people live on only 20% of its dry land. Dissimilarly, Thailand's population is more evenly spread with a distribution of 117 persons per km2. Japan is a More Developed country (M.D.C) with a GNP per capita of US$34 500, which makes it Asia most affluent country. Japan Economy relies on services and high technology industries. Thailand is a Less-Developed country (L.D.C) with a GNP per capita of US$8 800. Thailand's population relies more on a subsistence way of life. In fact 75% of its inhabitants making their living from farming. Japan is an island archipelago with over 3900 islands. The four main islands, Honshu, Hokkaido, Kyushu and Shikoku stretch for over 3 800 kilometres. The country situated on the edge of large tectonic plates which are constantly moving providing an unpredictable countryside. The Pacific Ocean, Sea of Japan, Korea Strait and the East China Sea surround the Japanese archipelago. Unlike Japan, Thailand is not a group of islands, it is however a larger country with a land area of 511 770km2. Thailand's extends 2500km from North 50 30I to 210 and 1250km from East 970 3I to 1030 3I. The most southern land extends down the Malayan peninsula and borders with Malaysia. The country also borders with Burma, Laos and Cambodia as well as the Indian Ocean and the Gulf of Thailand. Similarly, both Japan and Thailand have elevated landscapes. Japan physical geography is described as rugged and mountainous. Over 80% of the land is at an elevated level and there are 532 mountains over 2000 metres. The mountain ranges extend across the islands from north to south. The main ranges are located throughout the central areas of the four main islands. The highest mountain is on Honshu, Mt Fuji is 3776m above sea level, other large mountains are Mt Kita, 3192m, Mt Hotaka 3190m and Mt Asahi 2290m. The lowest point is Hachiro-gata and -4m below sea level. Thailand is described as a hilly country with some mountains located in the North and South. The highest mountain is Inthanon Mountain at 2595m; other substantial mountains are Luang Chiang Dao at 2182 and Mt Mokochu at 1964m. There are many volcano located on the Japanese islands, of which 60 are still active. There are over 1500 earthquakes reported each year, most cause little or no damage but some can be disastrous. In contrast, there are no active volcanoes in Thailand and only minor earthquakes occur. Japan experiences seismic activity such as volcanoes and earthquakes because it is located on the edge of large tectonic plates which are regularly moving. These plates are what cause Japan to have such an elevated landform. Thailand only experiences earthquakes because it is located on an area of folding and not the edge of tectonic plates. Edges of the tectonic plates run throughout Asia and have become known as 'the Pacific Ring of Fire'. Compared to Japan, Thailand has very few forest and trees. Substantial amounts of land have been cleared for agricultural purposes. Only 25% of the land has been left with coverings of forests and woodlands. Japan has 68% of land surfaced with forests and woodlands. 34% of Thailand's landmass is considered arable, which enables it to be cultivated. In contrast, only 11% of Japanese land in considered arable. This is because of the steep rugged land that is throughout Japan. Only 1% of Japan's landmass has permanent crops being cultivated, whereas 6% of Thailand land has permanent crops. Similar, Japan and Thailand both have 2 per-cent of their land covered with permanent crops. Japan and Thailand are heavily reliant on the production of

Brief Biography of Adolf Hitler essays

Brief Biography of Adolf Hitler essays Adolf Hitler was a brilliant man, but his twisted thoughts and hunger for power was the key to his downfall. Most people do not realize how intelligent he was. But how many people could turn a country like Germany, with its economy in ruins, into a great empire that would rival the rest of the world's super-powers such as the United States, Great Britain, and France. Hitler attained political power through his association with the Nazi party and his skillfulness as a politician. In 1930, Hitler moved to Munich, Germany. The Austrian Army called on him for a physical examination, but was found unfit for service. World War I began in August of 1914. Hitler immediately volunteered for service in the German Army and was accepted. He served bravely as a messenger on the Western Front for most of the war, taking part in some of the bloodiest battles. He was wounded and twice decorated for bravery. When Germany surrendered in 1918, he was in a military hospital recovering from temporary blindness that resulted from his exposure to mustard gas in an ill-planned mustard gas attack on the Americans. He was deeply shaken by news of the armistice. He believed that the unity of that German nation was threatened, and that he must attempt to save Germany. After World War I, Germany was forced to sign the Treaty of Versailles. The treaty held Germany responsible for the war. It stripped the nation of much territory and restricted the German Army to 100,000 men. The harshest part was the enormous payments for war damages. The demands were so great that the German government went deep into debt. This angered the German people, and Hitler as well. After healing from the mustard gas, he returned to Munich. Six months before leaving the army, Adolf began attending meetings of a small nationalist group called the German Worker's Party. Later this group becomes known as the Nazi Party. In March 1920 Adolf leaves the army. ...

Inspector Goole Essay Example

Inspector Goole Essay Example Inspector Goole Essay Inspector Goole Essay The most obscure role of Inspector Goole, and probably the most crucial in terms of creating suspense within the play, is his dramatic function as Narrator. In this role, the Inspector is used to report all events that take place in the plot, as he indirectly reveals the truth behind Eva Smiths death. -Ultimately he keeps the audience on track with the plays events, and thus is used by Priestley to relay the narration in full, whilst at the same time, creating immense tension among the audience the whole way through the play. The Inspectors specific style of narration, is one that is used to arouse tension within the plot and in-turn, keep the audience attentive the whole way through. In this form of narration, the Inspector holds back vital information, as he slowly interrogates the characters one by one each time, accusing them, until eventually he reveals each segment of the story to the audience:  Its the way I like to work. One person and one line of inquiry at a time.  (Inspector Goole, Act one) The Inspector shows that his method of working is chronological; the style of narration thus creates suspense, as the audience wants the information all in one go and cant bare to wait any longer. The increasing and decreasing pace makes the narration more exciting, as his continuous interrogation makes the audience tense with apprehension. The audience doesnt know who is involved and what specific parts they play, and this lack of information creates immense suspense, as they wait for the Inspector to reveal the truth, one by one. At the beginning of the play, the Inspector controls the interrogations with all power, as his narration is calm and smooth. However, this eventually transforms during the course of the plot and near the end, his mood becomes irritable and impatient. This sudden change in mental state is triggered off by the immature and selfish attitudes of Mr and Mrs Birling, who refuse to co-operate and instead, just quarrel and lie. The Inspector knows they are being untruthful and becomes enraged:  Youre not telling me the truth (Inspector Goole, end of Act two). He at this point is so angry with them due to their un-repentance, that he loses his cool. Their un-truthfulness disrupts his prompt narration process, thus causing him to change his mood and force them to tell the story correctly. The audience knows at this point that the Inspector is already fully aware of everything that went on with Eva Smith, and that his only reason for coming to the Birling household, is so that the other characters too become informed. This fact creates a massive suspicion among the audience as they wonder why he is acting so unprofessionally and with all emotion over just a simple inquiry. His continuous narration at first seems as just part of the normal interrogation, but as the plot unfolds, the Inspectors desire for justice starts to take over, as it is made apparent that the Inspector has more of an attachment to the case than he first let out. Despite this obvious emotion though, the Inspector keeps his cunning standpoint and thus is placed as a hero icon among the audience, as they gain an immense respect for his empathy and ingenious narration throughout the play. Paragraph 6- The Inspectors function as a social/ political commentator   1st Re-draft  Within the play, the biggest and most influential role of the Inspector is his profound function as a social and political commentator. In this position, Priestley has expressed his own comments about the society we live in, and through the Inspectors contrast, the beliefs of social equality to the audience. The Inspector is thus continually used to pose as a representative for many different ideologies, and is fundamentally used to represent the once-thought fairness in socialism of the 20th Century. Within this political role, Priestley has used Inspector Goole to question that of the Capitalist society, as he enforces all power over the money-bound arrogance of the Birling family. Continually he questions their Capitalist motives, whilst at the same time, showing that he believes their only substance is that of arrogance, greed and prejudice. With this being the case, in Act one, Priestley shows his contempt for this political standing, as in response to Gerald saying that the Birlings are respectable citizens and not criminals, the Inspector says:  Sometimes there isnt as much difference as you think. Often, if it was left to me, I wouldnt know where to draw the line (Inspector Goole, Act one) Through this comment, Priestley shows that he has an immense doubt over the Capitalist point of view. He shows that he thinks all the results of its ugly nature are nothing but criminal, and that issues resulting from it, such as sexual inferiority, the obvious difference in class, and lack of self-worth, are all wrong, and that the people who abide in its system, are convicts, all but in name. In my opinion, he shows that the corrupt deeds that take place behind closed doors are nothing but depraved, and that the Capitalist society is an immoral tool, used to make the rich richer and the poor poorer. Ultimately, he shows that Capitalism and everyone who stand in agreement with it are wrong and that they themselves are illicit, just by being in allegiance with such a corrupt system. The Inspector, being a puppet for Priestleys intentions, is biased throughout the play towards the political view of Socialism. -This belief; originally brought about to bring equal opportunities to everyone, is a political opinion, worlds away from the unfairness of the Capitalist society today. It consists of sharing and looking after one another, in the unison of agreement under a free and equal right to life. The Inspector, who has been used to firmly deliverer this belief, shows his attachment, even in his conversations with the Birlings:  You see we have to share something. If theres nothing else, we have to share our guilt.

Managing Change and Innovation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Managing Change and Innovation - Essay Example This discussion stresses that change management is undertaken in organizations as being a structural approach towards shifting or transitioning the organizations, teams and individuals from their present state to a desired state in the future. It accounts for an organizational process which is aimed at the empowerment of the employees towards accepting or embracing a change in their organizational or business environment. The strategy begins with a systematic approach for diagnosing the present situation for determining both the need for change and also the capacity of the organization to implement changes. However, at the beginning of the plan the purpose, objective and process of the change must be specified to every member of the organization. Most organizations have acknowledged the idea of managing innovation in their organizations. In fact the performance of innovation varies greatly across organizations which suggest that both the organizational and structural factors affect t he influence of innovation on performance. As the report declares the change management strategies are explained in terms of Kotter’s eight steps to change. The theory is one of the most important and most widely accepted texts in modern organizations. It defines eight steps in which changes can be implemented in organizations effectively. Although the steps are primarily meant for organizations, they also find application in personal change initiatives. Successful change management is also explained in terms of the Lewin’s model of organizational change.... It defines eight steps in which changes can be implemented in organizations effectively. Although the steps are primarily meant for organizations, they also find application in personal change initiatives. Successful change management is also explained in terms of the Lewin’s model of organizational change. The model is responsible for the introduction of the force field analysis which identifies both the driving forces and the resisting forces for a given change situation. Explanation of Theories John Kotter’s eight steps model for change John Kotter’s eight steps begin with the creation of a sense of urgency, which is required for initiating a change process. This would draw the people’s focus towards the process of change. This is followed by placing a guiding team for directing the change process in order to confront with any difficulty collectively. This can be in the form of a coaching team or a team of experts. They would be responsible for creating the vision or the strategy which would be the driving factor for the change. The change process must be repeatedly communicated to people to keep the context in the minds of people. People must also be empowered to undertake the change. The change must include short term visions to make the process real and enthusiastic. This would effectively build the momentum for the change process. The consecutive steps must be designed and implemented carefully to increase the momentum and confidence of people. Finally a new culture must be nurtured to ensure that the change lasts for long and awareness prevails (Rock & Page, 2009, â€Å"John Kotter’s eight steps to change†). Lewin- Three step model Lewin has proposed which is based on three